二甲醚球形扩散火焰的熄火机理研究

采用改进的PREMIX模型及"化学爆炸模式分析(CEMA)"方法,对二甲醚(DME)球形扩散火焰的熄火机理进行数值诊断,分析环境氧气摩尔分数(X_(O_2))及详细基元反应对熄火极限的影响,利用"爆炸因子"和"分岔因子"的概念,确定控制DME球形扩散火焰熄火的关键反应动力学因素。结果表明:DME冷焰具有比热焰更宽的可燃范围;冷焰对X_(O_2)的敏感性弱很多,热焰中具有正特征值的CEM首次出现在最高温度处;在熄火极限附近,CEM的特征值变为虚数,说明熄火伴随着振荡;热焰的熄火主要由小分子所参与的高温反应所控制,而冷焰熄火主要由大分子所参与的低温反应所控制。     

温度对混凝土力学性质影响的颗粒流模拟研究

为探索混凝土在热力耦合作用下的宏观力学性质和微裂纹的变化规律,采用PFC软件中的热模块,对5种温度下的混凝土试块进行了数值模拟分析。研究结果表明:(1)温度和峰值强度呈现负相关关系,单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随温度的变化服从幂函数关系,且温度对于强度和变形参数的影响不同,强度相较于变化参数而言,对温度更加敏感。(2)随着温度的升高,由热破裂所造成的损伤不断增加,热损伤集中在界面过渡区。随着温度的升高,混凝土的破坏模式由剪切破坏逐渐转变为劈裂破坏。(3)600℃属于临界温度,在600℃之前,宏观力学性质和微裂纹扩展均变化剧烈;超过600℃以后,宏观力学性质的劣化和微裂纹的发展均放缓。     

First experimental results of intrinsic torque on EAST

Direct measurements of the intrinsic torque profile in L-mode plasmas on the EAST tokamak have been performed using the balanced neutral beam injection. Co-and counter-current neutral beams are modulated to balance the intrinsic and externally injected torques, which result in the rotation profile close to zero and flat. The experimental results show that the intrinsic torque derived from momentum balance equations is found to be in the co-current direction, peaked in the plasma edge and negligibly small in the core.     

A comparison of Zayandehrood River water values for agriculture and the environment

River water management is challenging not only since they are open systems with changing physical structures, but also because the water values are mostly unknown over varied sectors. If policymakers grasp water values, water management will be more efficient. This research intends to examine the values of water in agriculture, which receives the most substantial portion of water resources, with the values of water in the environment in Isfahan located in the Zayandehrood River basin of Iran. The consequences of contingent valuation and production function methods revealed that per cubic metre value of water is 13 times higher in the environment than agriculture. The government should reconsider the higher value of the environment despite it is a non‐market value. The contingent valuation model additionally proved that women exhibited 21% more willingness to pay than men in order to protect the environment; however, they are paid less by 36%.     

Analysis of Radio over Fiber system for mitigating four-wave mixing effect

In this paper, an efficient 8-channel 32Gbps RoF (Radio over Fiber) system incorporating Bessel Filter (8/32 RoF-BF) has been demonstrated to reduce the impact of non-linear transmission effects, specifically Four-Wave Mixing (FWM). The simulation results indicate that the proposed 8/32 RoF-BF system provides an optimum result w.r.t. channel spacing (75 GHz), input source power (0 dBm) and number of input channels (8). In comparison with the existing RoF system, the proposed 8/32 RoF-BF system has been validated analytically and it is found that the performance of the proposed system is in close proximity particularly in FWM sideband power reduction of the order of 4 dBm for the 8-channel 32Gbps RoF system.     

Prophages domesticated by bacteria promote the adaptability of bacterial cells

Prophages are temperate phages integrated into the host bacterial genome. They play an important role in the adaptation and the pathogenicity of bacteria, especially pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we described the distribution of prophages in different hosts and different environments, and focused on the significance of prophages. At the singlecell level, prophages can help the host adapt to harsh external environments by directly carrying virulence genes, encoding regulatory factors and activating lysogeny. At the population level, prophages can influence the overall evolutionary direction and ecological function of the host bacterial community. This review will help us understand the important role of prophages as unique organisms in individual bacteria and microbial populations.